General characteristics of study participants
| Male (n=223) | Female (n=155) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 51.76±8.81 | 53.13±9.57 | 0.163 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 122.01±12.53 | 116.09±12.33 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.02±9.15 | 69.58±8.04 | <0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 94.64±26.17 | 87.80±19.84 | 0.008 |
| HbAlc (%) | 5.91±0.96 | 5.89±0.94 | 0.856 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.37±39.28 | 200.68±35.16 | 0.188 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 49.12±11.93 | 56.60±12.25 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 131.38 ± 141.84 | 92.94±76.18 | 0.003 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 111.40±31.25 | 113.31±29.52 | 0.56 |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 18.31±6.87 | 14.24±6.22 | 0.001 |
| VAT (cm3) | 80.00±37.19 | 67.25±29.53 | 0.001 |
| SAT (cm3) | 124.10±60.29 | 184.78±59.79 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.04±3.12 | 23.58±2.68 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 83.90±8.98 | 83.63±6.88 | 0.763 |