Korean Statistical Information Service. Population projections for Korea [Internet]. Daejon: Korean National Statistical Office; c1996-2009[cited 2009 Nov 11]. Available form: URL: http://www.kosis.kr/eng/
Jang HC. Recent Progression in Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity. J Korean Geriatr Soc 2011;15:1-7.
Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Zoico E, Harris TB, Meigs JB, Di Francesco V, et al. Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: A review of four unresolved questions. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005;29:1011-29.
Decaria JE, Sharp C, Petrella RJ. Scoping review report: Obesity in older adults. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012;2[Epub ahead of print].
Roubenoff R. Sarcopenic obesity: The confluence of two epidemics. Obes Res 2004;12:887-8.
Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Fantin F, Rossi A, Di Francesco V. Sarcopenic obesity: A new category of obesity in the elderly. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2008;18:388-95.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the european working group on sarcopenia in older people. Age Ageing 2010;39:412-23.
Oreopoulos A, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Sharma AM, Fonarow GC. The obesity paradox in the elderly:Potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Clin Geriatr Med 2009;25:643-59.
Han TS, Tajar A, Lean ME. Obesity and weight management in the elderly. Br Med Bull 2011;97:169-96.
McAuley PA, Kokkinos PF, Oliveira RB, Emerson BT, Myers JN. Obesity paradox and cardiorespiratory fitness in 12,417 male veterans aged 40 to 70 years. Mayo Clin Proc 2010;85:115-21.
Visscher TL, Seidell JC, Molarius A, van der Kuip D, Hofman A, Witteman JC. A comparison of body mass index, waist-hip ratio and waist circumference as predictors of all-cause mortality among the elderly:The rotterdam study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:1730-5.
Harris TB, Launer LJ, Madans J, Feldman JJ. Cohort study of effect of being overweight and change in weight on risk of coronary heart disease in old age. BMJ 1997;314:1791-4.
Cefalu WT, Wang ZQ, Werbel S, Bell-Farrow A, Crouse JR 3rd, Hinson WH, et al. Contribution of visceral fat mass to the insulin resistance of aging. Metabolism 1995;44:954-9.
Flegal KM. Waist circumference of healthy men and women in the united states. Int J Obes (Lond) 2007;31:1134-9.
Seidell JC, Han TS, Feskens EJ, Lean ME. Narrow hips and broad waist circumferences independently contribute to increased risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med 1997;242:401-6.
Lissner L, Bjorkelund C, Heitmann BL, Seidell JC, Bengtsson C. Larger hip circumference independently predicts health and longevity in a swedish female cohort. Obes Res 2001;9:644-6.
Corona G, Mannucci E, Forti G, Maggi M. Hypogonadism, ED, metabolic syndrome and obesity:A pathological link supporting cardiovascular diseases. Int J Androl 2009;32:587-98.
Riant E, Waget A, Cogo H, Arnal JF, Burcelin R, Gourdy P. Estrogens protect against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mice. Endocrinology 2009;150:2109-17.
Cignarella A, Kratz M, Bolego C. Emerging role of estrogen in the control of cardiometabolic disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2010;31:183-9.
Badley EM, Ansari H. Arthritis and arthritisattributable activity limitations in the united states and canada: A cross-border comparison. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2010;62:308-15.
Al Snih S, Graham JE, Kuo YF, Goodwin JS, Markides KS, Ottenbacher KJ. Obesity and disability:Relation among older adults living in latin america and the caribbean. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:1282-8.
Felson DT, Chaisson CE. Understanding the relationship between body weight and osteoarthritis. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 1997;11:671-81.
Bieber JD, Terkeltaub RA. Gout: On the brink of novel therapeutic options for an ancient disease. Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:2400-14.
Soltani-Arabshahi R, Wong B, Feng BJ, Goldgar DE, Duffin KC, Krueger GG. Obesity in early adulthood as a risk factor for psoriatic arthritis. Arch Dermatol 2010;146:721-6.
Otero M, Lago R, Gomez R, Dieguez C, Lago F, Gomez-Reino J, et al. Towards a pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory emerging role of leptin. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006;45:944-50.
Noblett KL, Jensen JK, Ostergard DR. The relationship of body mass index to intra-abdominal pressure as measured by multichannel cystometry. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 1997;8:323-6.
Lambert DM, Marceau S, Forse RA. Intra-abdominal pressure in the morbidly obese. Obes Surg 2005;15:1225-32.
Subak LL, Wing R, West DS, Franklin F, Vittinghoff E, Creasman JM, et al. Weight loss to treat urinary incontinence in overweight and obese women. N Engl J Med 2009;360:481-90.
Hunskaar S. A systematic review of overweight and obesity as risk factors and targets for clinical intervention for urinary incontinence in women. Neurourol Urodyn 2008;27:749-57.
Brown JS, Seeley DG, Fong J, Black DM, Ensrud KE, Grady D. Urinary incontinence in older women:Who is at risk? study of osteoporotic fractures research group. Obstet Gynecol 1996;87:715-21.
Larrieu S, Peres K, Letenneur L, Berr C, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, et al. Relationship between body mass index and different domains of disability in older persons: The 3C study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:1555-60.
Boyle P, Autier P, Bartelink H, Baselga J, Boffetta P, Burn J, et al. European code against cancer and scientific justification: Third version (2003). Ann Oncol 2003;14:973-1005.
van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, Beeson L, Folsom AR, et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:514-27.
Lahmann PH, Hoffmann K, Allen N, van Gils CH, Khaw KT, Tehard B, et al. Body size and breast cancer risk: Findings from the european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC). Int J Cancer 2004;111:762-71.
Murphy TK, Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Kahn HS, Thun MJ. Body mass index and colon cancer mortality in a large prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:847-54.
Wolk A, Gridley G, Svensson M, Nyren O, McLaughlin JK, Fraumeni JF, et al. A prospective study of obesity and cancer risk (sweden). Cancer Causes Control 2001;12:13-21.
Bergstrom A, Pisani P, Tenet V, Wolk A, Adami HO. Overweight as an avoidable cause of cancer in europe. Int J Cancer 2001;91:421-30.
Rose DP, Vona-Davis L. Interaction between menopausal status and obesity in affecting breast cancer risk. Maturitas 2010;66:33-8.
Henderson BE, Ross RK, Pike MC, Casagrande JT. Endogenous hormones as a major factor in human cancer. Cancer Res 1982;42:3232-9.
Key TJ, Pike MC. The dose-effect relationship between 'unopposed' oestrogens and endometrial mitotic rate: Its central role in explaining and predicting endometrial cancer risk. Br J Cancer 1988;57:205-12.
Dickson RB, Stancel GM. Estrogen receptor-mediated processes in normal and cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2000;27:135-45.
McCarthy LH, Bigal ME, Katz M, Derby C, Lipton RB. Chronic pain and obesity in elderly people:Results from the einstein aging study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009;57:115-9.
Whitmer RA, Gunderson EP, Barrett-Connor E, Quesenberry CP Jr, Yaffe K. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: A 27 year longitudinal population based study. BMJ 2005;330:1360(Epub 2005 Apr 29).
Rosengren A, Skoog I, Gustafson D, Wilhelmsen L. Body mass index, other cardiovascular risk factors, hospitalization for dementia. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:321-6.
Kivipelto M, Helkala EL, Laakso MP, Hanninen T, Hallikainen M, Alhainen K, et al. Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, elevated midlife total cholesterol level, high midlife systolic blood pressure are independent risk factors for late-life alzheimer disease. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:149-55.
Nooyens AC, Baan CA, Spijkerman AM, Verschuren WM. Type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline in middle-aged men and women: The doetinchem cohort study. Diabetes Care 2010;33:1964-9.
Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K, Simonsick EM, Harris T, Shorr RI, et al. The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 2004;292:2237-42.
Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Wang Y. Obesity and central obesity as risk factors for incident dementia and its subtypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2008;9:204-18.
Vincent HK, Vincent KR, Lamb KM. Obesity and mobility disability in the older adult. Obes Rev 2010;11:568-79.
Chau D, Cho LM, Jani P, St Jeor ST. Individualizing recommendations for weight management in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2008;11:27-31.
McTigue KM, Hess R, Ziouras J. Obesity in older adults: A systematic review of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006;14:1485-97.
Miller SL, Wolfe RR. The danger of weight loss in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2008;12:487-91.
Bales CW, Buhr G. Is obesity bad for older persons? A systematic review of the pros and cons of weight reduction in later life. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2008;9:302-12.
Chao D, Espeland MA, Farmer D, Register TC, Lenchik L, Applegate WB, et al. Effect of voluntary weight loss on bone mineral density in older overweight women. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48:753-9.
Villareal DT, Shah K, Banks MR, Sinacore DR, Klein S. Effect of weight loss and exercise therapy on bone metabolism and mass in obese older adults: A one-year randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:2181-7.
Kennedy RL, Chokkalingham K, Srinivasan R. Obesity in the elderly: Who should we be treating, why, how? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2004;7:3-9.
Yoon JH. Resistance Exercise Strategies for Sarcopenic Obesity in Elderly People. Korean J Obes 2012;21:5-10.
O'Keefe KL, Kemmeter PR, Kemmeter KD. Bariatric surgery outcomes in patients aged 65 years and older at an american society for metabolic and bariatric surgery center of excellence. Obes Surg 2010;20:1199 -205.
Varela JE, Wilson SE, Nguyen NT. Outcomes of bariatric surgery in the elderly. Am Surg 2006;72:865-9.