Association between Depression and Physical Fitness, Body Fatness and Serum Vitamin D in Elderly Population

In-Hwan Lee; Young-Yun Jin; Jin-Kyung Cho; Jin-Hwan Yoon; Hyun-Sik Kang

Article

Korean J Obes 2014; 23(2): 125-130

Published online June 30, 2014

Association between Depression and Physical Fitness, Body Fatness and Serum Vitamin D in Elderly Population

In-Hwan Lee, Young-Yun Jin, Jin-Kyung Cho, Jin-Hwan Yoon¹, Hyun-Sik Kang^*

Author Affiliations

College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon; Department of Kinesiology¹, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea

Received: December 24, 2013; Reviewed : January 15, 2014; Accepted: January 16, 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

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Background: This study examined the association of depression with functional physical fitness, body fatness, and serum vitamin D in elderly persons.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 21 men with mean age of 75.4±6.8 years and 96 women with mean age of 75.0± 6.8 years. Body mass index, percent body fat, and waist circumference were measured according to a standardized protocol. Functional physical fitness including strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, agility, dynamic balance and flexibility was measured in accordance to a standardized fitness assessment manual. Serum levels of vitamin D, lipoprotein lipids, fasting glucose and insulin were measured with standardized procedures. Korean form of Geriatric Depression Scale (K-GDS) was used to assess depression level and status. Pearson correlation analyses were used to calculate bivariate correlations between measured variables. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify any independent predictors for K-GDS-based depression score.
Results: Depression score was significantly and inversely associated with functional physical fitness including strength (P<0.001), cardiorespiratory endurance (P<0.001), agility (P=0.002) and dynamic balance (P<0.001). A similar trend in correlation was observed between depression and serum vitamin D level. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that strength (P<0.001), cardiorespiratory endurance (P=0.005), and percent body fat (P=0.045) were significant independent predictors of depression in this study population.
Conclusion: The finding of the study suggest that fitness promotion along with a healthy diet habit should be a key component of intervention against depression in elderly persons.

Keywords: Depression, Functional physical fitness, Body fat, Vitamin D, Elderly persons

Tables

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Physical characteristics of the subjects

Comparison of body composition variables between case and control group

Relations of K-GDS scores to functional physical fitness parameters

Relations of K-GDS scores to age, sex and body fatness

Relations of K-GDS scores to metabolic risk factors and vitamin D

Regression analyses for independent predictors of K-GDS score-based depression

References

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References

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